Infertility isn’t just a woman’s issue—and it’s time we start saying that out loud.
In the United States, infertility is typically diagnosed when a couple has been trying to conceive for at least a year with no success. While it’s often assumed to be due to the female partner, experts say that’s only part of the picture.
Dr. Lucky Sekhon, a board-certified OBGYN and fertility specialist in New York City, says the biggest myth is that infertility is a woman’s problem. In fact, nearly 50% of all infertility cases involve male factors—and in about a third of cases, the cause lies entirely with the man. So what’s really behind male infertility—and what’s just a myth? Let’s start with underwear. Many believe tight briefs can hurt sperm count. While tighter underwear may slightly increase groin temperature, Sekhon explains,
“I don’t think there’s any strong evidence that choice of underwear is going to influence male fertility in a strong way.”
What about age? Men may make sperm for life—but that doesn’t mean sperm quality holds steady. According to the studies, for men, this kicks in around 45 and is more pronounced in their 50s, 60s, and beyond. And no, your phone in your pocket or laptop on your lap probably isn’t the culprit. Studies on this are not conclusive, so by and large, that is more of a myth. And don’t worry. Frequent ejaculation won’t drain your chances.
In fact, going too long without can result in sperm with fragmented DNA. But here’s one surprise: testosterone supplements, often marketed for male health, may do more harm than good. Sekhon warns that Testosterone is more or less like a form of male birth control. So what can lower sperm quality? Age, smoking, cannabis use, heavy drinking, and obesity. But also factors such as poor sleep and hormone imbalances.
Even medical conditions like high blood pressure, diabetes, or STIs may impact sperm health. The good news? Many of these factors are manageable if one eats well, exercises, manages stress, and gets enough sleep. For LGBTQ families considering surrogacy or sperm donation, understanding male fertility is key.
